Operation
Great marine sewage treatment systems have three chambers. Sewage enters through the aeration chamber via a mesh filter which is coarse where the large solids are broken down. It is in the aeration chamber where the main biological action will take place. In this chamber, the air blowers which are mounted outside of the oxygen unit will stir effluent and the bacteria mix through a series of nozzles and pipes. The sewage will remain inside the aeration tank for some time. The incoming sewage will displace the effluent of the hopper or settling tank where under inactive conditions, activated sludge, biological floc and bacteria will settle out and then return to the aeration chamber through an air lift pump which is driven by the blowers. The second transfer pipe will scum the surface in the settling tank. It will return the material back to the aeration chamber. The sludge contains the bacteria which will digest the incoming sewage.
Physical chemical sewage system
This particular system is based on the separation of the liquids from the sewage flow. This particular combination is disinfected in chamber that has 5 percent chlorine for at least 30 minutes in order to kill the coliform bacteria. After being processed accordingly, it will be discharged from the vessel following all the rules and regulations of marine preservation system.
One of the problems with this kind of system is the required space. You can only set aside a finite amount of space for the storage of the solid part of the waste. The treated waste can be discharged in port or outside of territorial waters when they are allowed. If the facilities are not available, the system will become inoperative. Another concern is the need to carry the quantities of calcium hypochlorite for conversion to the sodium hypochlorite so that the sewage will be disinfected. Remember that calcium hypochlorite will require careful handling.
Electrocatalytic oxidation
The sewage is collected, macerated and then passed through an electrolytic cell. The process of electrolysis produces sodium hypochlorite which is being used in order to oxidize the organic material before it is discharged. You can also opt to alternate dosing with chlorine. The effluent then passes through a settling tank. It is in the settling tank that the oxidation process is completed. These plants can be 50 percent smaller compared to biological types. The discharge will contain no solid and is free of any coliform bacteria.