Most types of metals require one to use a metal working fluid in order to prevent heating from occurring. However, there are a few exceptions where dry cutting is done. This includes cases where one is dealing with brass or cast iron. The cutting fluids have numerous functions when it comes to machining and metal working. First of all, they keep the work piece at a stable temperature. Working with close tolerances requires one to keep the temperatures stable in order to avoid errors arising from expansion and contraction processes.
The metal working fluid also serves an important role when it comes to maximizing the life of the tool. Extremely hot temperatures may result in tip welding and eventual tool wear. The fluid keeps the tip of the tool cool at all times to prevent metal chips from welding onto the tip of the tool. The metal cutting tools are usually exposed to various agents of corrosion such as rust. The cutting fluids are manufactured to protect them against harsh environments where they are exposed to excess humidity and rust. They also have a lubricating aspect that ensures minimal friction between the tool and the chips produced.
The safety of the environment and the people working in machining industries is also safeguarded by the metal working fluid. Most manufacturers ensure that their supplies are environmental friendly by minimizing their toxic levels to zero. Therefore, the fluids can be disposed easily without causing any alarm about environmental degradation. However, some cutting fluids contain a few toxins that may be harmful to humans and the general environment. The manufacturers usually give a warning about the toxic substances contained in their supplies and advise their clients on the protective measures they are supposed to take.