The working principle of the Industrial Air Compressor
An Industrial Air Compressor basically has two major parts, the compressing system and the power source. The compressing mechanism differs according to the type of air compressor; the reciprocating air compressor makes use of piston to compress air and store it in a storage tank while the rotary screw air compressor makes use of two spinning helical screws or rotors instead of pistons. Power source is usually an electric motor or other energy sources. The compressing mechanism helps in compressing atmospheric air by making use of the energy coming from the power source.
In the process of compressing atmospheric air, air is drawn through an intake valve where more air is pulled into the limited space through the pistons, impellers or vanes. As the amount of pulled atmospheric air is increased in the receiver or storage tank, volume is reduced but pressure is increased automatically. Once the pressure in the storage tank reaches the maximum level, the operator switches off the pressure switch and the intake of air is stopped. On the other hand, if pressure inside the storage tank drops to a lower setting, the operator has to turn on the pressure switch so that more atmospheric air can enter the unit.
Important things to keep in mind in the design and installation of the Industrial Air Compressor
Sufficient ventilation – compressor manufacturers provide an allowable operating temperature for the air compressors because they produce heat during the compression process. It is crucial to install the air compressor in a well ventilated room.
Adequate space – during the installation of the air compressor, it is important to allow for adequate space for maintenance purposes particularly when large components have to be removed during a compressor overhaul.
How the air receiver should be located – in order to achieve a steady source of controlled air, air receivers should be placed near the compressor. This will also allow additional air cooling and moisture control. In certain circumstances when the demand for compressed air increases it might cause the level of pressure to fall but if there are strategically placed air receivers in the systems, they can satisfactorily provide for abrupt demands and consistently supply air pressure for the users.
Capacity of the storage tank – one gallon for CFM is the minimum amount of space recommended but in systems where there are abrupt changes in demand, the minimum capacity must be 3 gallons for CFM. On the other hand, an efficient control system will help accommodate these abrupt demands.