A splined shaft is a piece mechanical component that can perform two functions; it can provide anti-rotation when functioning as a linear guide. And it can also transmit torque when functioning as a nonlinear guide. Splined shafts are built with splines, grooves or tongues that are machined along the length of the shaft. They mate with the female splined bore, gear bearing or another mating component. Then they transfer rotary motion in rotary drive applications or function as function as a linear guide when paired with an internally-splined bearing or bushing.
 
There are different types of a splined shaft according to grooves or tongues that transmit torque. Below is a list of the different types of splined shaft designs that are currently used today. 
 

• Parallel Key - A type splined shaft that features a square profile and ridges
• Involute Splines - They are built with tapered ridges that have the ability to reduce stress concentrations
• Crowded - This is a type of splined shaft that features modified teeth that taper towards the end face allowing angular misalignment
• Serrations - It has a tooth that is non-involute. Featuring teeth that are in the form of an included angle that allows more teeth on a smaller diameter shaft.
• Helical Splines - Built with either parallel or involute teeth and with ridges that form a helix pattern around the shaft. Allowing both rotary and linear motion. It also minimizes stress concentrations for a stationary joint under high load.

 
Those are the different types of splined shafts designs used various industries today. Each of them offers benefits and functionalities that make them the ideal component for a specific task or application. They differ on the types of grooves and tongues that allow them to transmit different amounts of torque making them suitable for any application. Choosing the right type of spline shaft will depend on the application.
 
 
 

Since childhood, people have always been educated that exercising is very important for one’s good health. At a very early age, the kids are encouraged to exercise on a daily basis. They are pushed to have an active lifestyle. Parents bring them to outdoor play areas or an indoor playground in Toronto. You need not worry about the amount of exercise that your kids will get if they visit and indoor playground in Toronto or when they play outside the home. As long as they are in a physical activity, this will help in shaping their bodies and will thus become a positive effect in their lifestyle.  

Being obese does not really imply cosmetic problem, instead these conditions greatly raise one’s risk for other health problems like the following:

• Coronary heart disease. When you body mass index increases, your risk for CHD or coronary heart disease also increase. CHD is a condition wherein a waxy substance called the plaque builds up inside your coronary arteries. These arteries actually supply oxygen rich blood into your heart. What the plaque does is that it narrows or blocks off the coronary arteries thereby reducing the blood flow to your heart muscles. This will cause a condition known as angina or heart attack. Obesity will also lead to heart failure which is a very serious condition wherein your heat cannot anymore pump enough blood in order to meet the needs of your body.

 

• High blood pressure. Blood pressure refers to the force of blood pushing against the wall arteries when the heart pumps blood. If ever the pressure rises and will stay high overtime, it will damage your body in a lot of ways. The chances of an adult experiencing high blood pressure are much greater if he is obese or overweight.

 

• Stroke. Being obese or overweight definitely leads to build up of plaque inside your arteries. As time elapses, the area of plaque will rupture and this will cause blood clot to form. If the clot is located close to your brain, it will block the flow of blood as well as oxygen to your brain causing stroke. The risk of having stroke rises when your BMI increases.

 

• Type two diabetes. Diabetes is a disease in which the blood glucose or blood sugar in your body is abnormally high. Normally, the body will break down the food into glucose and then carry it to cells all throughout the body. The cells use insulin to turn the glucose into energy. When you have type 2 diabetes, the cells of your body do not use the insulin properly. At first, the body will react by making more insulin. Through time, the body cannot anymore make enough insulin to control its sugar level in the blood.

 

• Abnormal blood fats. If you are obese, you have abnormal high levels of blood fats. These include high levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and low level of good cholesterol. Those people with abnormal levels of blood fats are placed at risk for CHD.

 
Regular exercise, whether it is organized sports, visiting your favourite indoor playground in Toronto, walking or hiking, helps reduce childhood obesity. 

Hardwood lumber or dimensional lumber always comes in sizes which are predetermined. If you are buying this kind of lumber, the project where you will be using the wood is most likely tied to home renovation. Home improvements of this nature are typically investments like new flooring and cabinetry, or the installation of a walk-in closet and Toronto closet organizers. Also, since this kind of lumber comes in very specific sizes, they can certainly be used for projects which would be right for their specific sizes. Every specific size is meant for a particular use.
Here are the most common sizes as well as their uses: 

• Framing of walls. The 2 x 4 lumber is the most popularly used size when building structures and remodeling projects like Toronto closet organizers. The size is used for framing a house, room, or home addition like a walk-in closet. The lumber is also used in framing cabinets and walls and it can even be used in fixing up the ceilings. Another size which can be used in making frames is the 1 x 2 lumber. If you are planning to nail the wall boards, you can use studs that are 6 x 6 or 4 x 4.
• Outdoor stools and canopies. In building nailing works as well as in remodeling, the 4 x 4 or 6 x 6 dimensions boards are used commonly as studs. However, these lumber dimensions can also be used in building the tops and legs of small tables. The small tables can be used as the footstool in putting up canopies outdoors. Other uses will include creating mounts for making frames and mailboxes.
• Ceiling and flooring. For ceilings and floors, the boards which are used are in the size of 6 x12 or 8 x 12. These will make the surfaces sturdy when the flooring joists are in place. For areas prone to heavy duties, you can use the smaller 4 x 4 or 6 x 6 in making the brackets and frames. You may also use the metal brackets found in the corners which can help in holding the ceiling. Since the metal frames will not rot, they can give enough support to the ceiling.
• Hardwood floors. Aside from the regular flooring, lumber can also be used in hardwood flooring for a lot of houses. However, if you plan to use the lumber for hardwood floors, then you will get it on a special order since they are not easily available. For thousands of people, they choose to buy rough lumber instead of buying treated lumber for their hardwood floors in order to give their house a more natural feel.
• Wall Paneling. Dimensional lumber is also used in wood paneling inside rooms and household extensions like Toronto closet organizers. You can use the narrow and wide plank sizes for this kind of project depending of course on the kind of paneling that you would like to install. If you want to give your walls a better finish, you can widen the planks.
• Cabinets and furniture. You can make use of dimensional lumber in making different kinds of cabinets and furniture. Most of the dressers and large cabinets use the larger planks of hardwood lumber.  

​If you have every wondered where wood shutters in Toronto come from and how they are made, this article aims to help explain the process. The trees from where lumber are produced are typically classified as softwoods or hardwoods. Although the woods of most trees are hard, there are also those that are classified as soft. Most of the hardwood trees have leaves and are shed during the winter. Hardwood trees include those like walnuts, oaks, maples, birches, cherries but they also include balsa which is considered to be one of the lightest and softest of all the woods. Softwood trees have needles also instead of leaves. These trees do not shed their needles in the winter but remain to be green all throughout the year and are at times even called evergreens. Trees which are considered to be softwood include firs, pines, redwoods and spruces.

Hardwoods are considered to be more expensive compared to softwoods and are usually used in home improvements such as cabinetry, flooring, doors, paneling, trimwork, and wood shutters in Toronto. Since household investments like wood shutters and flooring improve the property value, only the finest wood materials are selected. They are also used greatly when manufacturing furniture. Hardwoods are available in different lengths from 4 to 16 feet. Softwoods are also used for wall studs, planks, beams, joists, stringers, rafters, decking, subflooring, posts and concrete forms.

Both the hardwood and softwood lumber are graded according to the size and number of the defects in the wood. Defects will include holes, knots, pitch pockets, missing pieces and splits on the corners or edges called the wanes. The defects will typically affect the appearance and will also affect the strength of the lumber. The higher graded lumber is called select grades. Hardwoods will also be graded as first or second which are higher compared to select. The grades have often very few defects and are used in molding, trimming and finishing woodwork wherein the appearance is very crucial.

If the lumber grade is high, this means that there will be fewer defects. The lower grades are usually termed as common grades and are typically used for general construction wherein the wood will be covered and the defects will not be considered objectionable. Common grades are also designated in descending order of quality by numbers like #1, #2 and so on. Pieces of softwood common grade lumber can also be designated with a name that is equivalent to it like construction, merchantable and so on. Lower grade lumber is not used for producing wood shutters in Toronto because the quality of the wood is not considered good enough. Lumber which is intended for uses other than in construction like ladders or boxes are also given other grading designations.

The Process of Manufacturing Shutters

In Canada, most of the trees which are predestined to be cut into lumbers are grown in forests which are managed and are either owned by a certain lumber company or are leased from the government. When the trees have reached its right size, they will be cut down and then transported to the lumber mill wherein they will be further processed, cut into different lumber sizes, and eventually turned into wood shutters in Toronto.
The first part of the shutter manufacturing process which is deemed to be very crucial is Felling. Selected trees in a certain area are visually inspected and are marked as ready to be taken down or felled. From here, the wood supplier will transport the tree to the lumber mill wherein the final processing takes place. 

In the current world, certain utilities such as electricity and internet are a must have. In urban areas, internet is heavily relied on for business and research functions. As such governments and businesses have constantly endeavored to have these precious commodities within the reach of their citizens and staff members respectively. Telephones are also a necessity in today’s world. In light of these findings many utility supply companies have emerged to meet the demand for supplies such as cable installation equipment.

It is therefore prudent for anyone looking for service providers to research and do their due diligence before choosing a utility supply provider. Some of the things to look out for include:

Experience

Utility suppliers who have been in the business for a while have grown in satisfying their customer base as well as in creating solutions that solve anticipated setbacks. It is recommended that you choose a service provider who has the experience required for an excellent installation process.

Range of services and products

You want to minimize consuming time seeking for services from different providers. Service providers that have most of the services and products you require are a great way of setting your project in motion as soon as possible.

Quality of service and products

The quality of the services and products offered by a utility supply provider must be beyond reproach. While it is not possible to completely satisfy everyone, a service provider should be known for excellent customer service and long-lasting top-of-the-range installation products. This way, the chance of have a job well done is very high.

Policies and safety procedures

A utility supplier should have favorable terms of service and payment schemes. Their policies in terms of warranties and durability of installation services should be such that there are refunds and/ or no hidden or additional costs for ineffective service on their part.

An air compressor is an imperative bit of apparatus in the full-reason stockpile of any do-it-without anyone else’s help expert or artworks individual. A Quincy air compressor is an investment that spares you time, in light of the fact that pneumatic instruments have the ability to finish capacities like splashing, nailing, pounding and sanding in a small amount of the time required by manual development.

Furthermore, when you have the Quincy air compressor to handle what might somehow or another be physically exhausting assignments, it saves your body any anxiety, soreness or weariness that could some way or another amass when physically playing out all the squeezing, striking and cleaning developments. Above all, the utilization of an air compressor with reasonable devices will give your work the expert completion it should be tastefully satisfying and completely utilitarian for a considerable length of time to come.

Why the air compressor is an important tool to invest in

• Air compressors are environmental friendly. They do not release toxins into the environment that may affect the ecosystem.
• Air apparatus produce better power in extent than their weight, making them simpler to work than customary devices.
• The air tools are durable compared to the convectional tools. Many people have opted for the air driven tools for this reason
• Air instruments create better power in extent than their weight, making them less demanding to work than routine devices.
• Air apparatus work at lower temperature and don’t create heat amid overwhelming utilization. They don’t pose a fire risk, a property known for the electrical tools.

​When operating the pneumatic tools, a reliable source of energy is required. A Quincy air compressor is the best item to invest on. It will power your pneumatic appliances for a very long time without the need to replace the tools. Visit the Air Energy, LLC to acquire your Quincy compressor and mechanize your operations.

Decorative wire mesh can be defined as a screen made of metallic strips that are either welded or intertwined horizontally and vertically. There are numerous wire design applications where such screens are used. It is quite important to note that there are different versions of screens that serve different client needs. This article will guide you on the common types that you will come across in the hardware and how they are used in everyday life. One of the most common applications that you must have come across is perimeter fencing. Decorative wire mesh is mostly used for this application since it is robust and strong. The mesh can be used to fence industrial sites, homes, vast pieces of land, and project sites just to mention a few. 

When it comes to fencing applications, the most suitable type of decorative wire mesh to use is the galvanized type. This type is corrosion resistant and is meant to serve in harsh climatic conditions without rusting. Fences are an outdoor feature hence are exposed to rain, dust, chemicals, fumes and other corrosive elements in their term of service. Therefore, you might save yourself from the trouble of replacing your fence from time to time by installing an expensive yet durable decorative wire mesh fence.

​Wire mesh is a popular choice for for decorative purposes. Some screens come in different colors that blend perfectly with the associated environment. Some of the common areas where decorative screens are used include; fencing of animal cages, fencing of gardens, and making display cages for various animals such as birds. The decorative wire mesh is also very applicable in the area due to its shiny appearance. Depending on the specific type of application, you can order for different grades of wire mesh that specifically suit your applications. For instance, screens with large spaces may be applicable in fencing while finer screens with smaller spaces are most suitable for making bird cages.     

There is scientific evidence which suggests that maintaining indoor temperatures and providing higher ventilation rates is likely to increase the work performance of the people and also bring tremendous financial benefits for the company. JBS Services specialize in building management system equipment and installation. 

Indoor Temperature Control

The design as well as operational intent of a building management system is to maintain the temperatures near the comfort zone in nearly all of the thermally conditioned commercial buildings. However in practice temperatures, it is often significantly above the estimated 71 degrees Fahrenheit as this is considered optimum productivity. In the EPA building assessment survey and evaluation, a study which was conducted on 100 representative US office buildings found out that 33 percent of the indoor measurement sites located at the height of 4 or 5.6 feet above the floor had a workday maximum temperature which is at least 5 degree above 71 degree Fahrenheit and 72 percent of these work sites had a workday maximum temperature ranging at least 3 degrees Fahrenheit above the 71 degrees Fahrenheit. Temperatures which are below this suggested optimum level are quite rate. Only 1.4 percent of the work sites had a work day minimum temperature which is below the 65 degrees Fahrenheit block. 

Indeed the key to having good indoor temperature control is by following practices below:

• Heating and air conditioning systems which have sufficient capacity and should be maintained in order to meet heating as well as cooling loads. 
• The large sections in a building should not be treated as a single thermal zone with the temperatures being controlled by a single thermostat as this particular practice will often result in temperature control problems. 
• Thermostats should be accurately calibrated. 
• Airflow to different sections of a building should be adjusted and balanced out as needed in order to maintain desired temperatures. 
• A building management system should be maintained and equally commissioned. 

Provide Adequate Building Ventilation

Whenever possible, it is important to design a building in such a way that it can maintain building ventilation rates at or above the required minimum rates which are specified in the current applicable codes as well as professional standards. There should be periodic or continuous monitoring of the outdoor intake flow rates in air handling units or in the outdoor and indoor carbon dioxide concentrations is recommended in order to assure that the amount of ventilation is actually delivered at a consistent level with the standard design and operational intent. The building management system should be designed in a way that is reasonably accurate and that the intake flow rates are very accurate. The typical reliance on the building design as well as the occasional air balancing when maintaining desired ventilation rate is typically not recommended since available data will indicate that the building and subspace ventilation are already within code requirements. 

In order to enable commissioning, there should be adequate access provided to the air handler components for maintenance and measurements. The common anecdotal reports of the ventilation equipment failure and control problems are the need on the ongoing maintenance and commissioning. 

Circuit board assembly machines are specialized machinery used to fabricate circuit boards to specific designs. These machines are made by circuit board assembly machine manufacturers, who must provide the following in order to be considered quality product providers.

Complete Product Information

Because of the complexity of these specialized machines, circuit board assembly providers must deliver complete product information with the transport of the equipment. Aside from the manuals, the manufacturer should provide training in the proper use of the equipment. Without complete product information, the differing sections of the circuit board assembly machine may be misused, leading to possible issues in the manufacturing process. 

Spare Part Availability

Quality circuit board assembly providers should always have spare parts available for the machines and equipment they supply. These spare parts for the delivered circuit board assembly machine must be of top quality and easily be installed on site should it be needed. Without spare parts, a breakdown in machinery would spell doom for the manufacturing firm. The spare parts warehouse of quality circuit board assembly manufacturers provide replacement parts, tools and service technicians ready to help at a moment’s notice.

After Sales Services

Quality circuit board assembly manufacturers provide a whole menu of services after the sale of the product. Aside from the spare parts availability, other services include maintenance check-ups as well as planning for the long life of the machinery. Another noted service would be the offer of upgrades on the machinery purchased to increase efficiency and effectivity. 

​There are a few qualities to look for in good and high quality circuit board assembly manufacturers. Aside from the delivery of quality circuit board assembly machines, the manufacturers must provide complete product information, spare parts availability and high quality after sales services. Without these three services and products, the manufacturer cannot provide the best machine for the purchasing firm. 

Speed reduction is very important because the output speed of a motor is generally too fast for normal use.  Most DC motors have normal operating voltages of over 1,000 rpm (revolutions per minute) with brushless DC motors reaching almost 50,000 rpm.  A wide variety of mechanical devices are available for speed reduction like pulleys, sprockets, gear reducers and friction drives. There are also electrical products that that change the speed of a motor to bring it down to a more manageable speed. 

Choosing the right device for speed reduction

The type of application will dictate what type of speed reducer best meets the needs. Before choosing a speed reducer, it is important to take into account various specifications that include torque, speed, horsepower, reducer efficiency, service factor, mounting position, connection variables and the life required. In some applications, there are additional considerations like the amount of backlash, transmission error, torsional rigidity and moment of inertia. Once the appropriate speed reducer has been chosen, proper installation and maintenance will ensure a longer life. 

Worm gears are considered the most cost effective solution for speed reduction but they usually have a minimum 5:1 ratio and can lose considerable efficiency when the ratio goes higher. Bevel reducers are quite efficient but with an effective speed reduction for upper limits of 6:1 ratio. Gearheads are usually called Gear reducers because they can increase output torque while decreasing output speed. If a motor running at 1,000 rpm is fitted with the 5:1 gear reducer, the output could be 200 rpm. This speed reduction solution tends to improve performance because many motors do cannot operate efficiently at low rpm. It also provides more consistent output forces and smooth wheel rotation in spite of friction and load variations. 

Advantages of using Gear reducers

Gear reducers when used to reduce speed, multiply torque and match inertia can help cut down systems costs. For example, an application that requires a 200lb-in at 300 rpm and driven through a servomotor alone will require a 142mm frame size and a drive that will supply 30A continuously. However, by adding a gear reducer, motor and gearhead frame size can be cut to 90mm with a smaller drive as well.

​Once the Gear reducer has been chosen for speed reduction, it is important to determine whether in-line or right angle gearing will be the most appropriate for the design. Furthermore, it is also important to decide between an integrated gear motor and the more common gearhead/motor pair. In-line Gear reducers are actually more common for motion control applications because of the higher torque output and lower backlash is compared to the right angle gear reducer. On the other hand, right angle gearheads are more frequently used when the servomotor has to be accommodated in a very tight space. In such situation, the output shaft of the right angle gear reducer will be at 90 degrees to the driving motor shaft. An example of a right angle gear reducer is the worm set with a drive axis at 90 degrees to the worm gear axis.